HYDRATION & HEAT STROKE
Heat Stroke is a serious medical emergency and a life threatening condition which can result in death.
Heatstroke is a condition in which your body overheats and can no longer maintain a healthy temperature. Heatstroke occurs when your body temperature rises from about 37°C to above 40°C.
Heatstroke needs immediate first aid to lower your body temperature as quickly as possible. If not, it can lead to organ damage and death. The risk of death increases the hotter you get and the longer you are overheated.
Heatstroke is caused by prolonged exposure to heat. It can occur when your body absorbs more heat than it can get rid of by sweating.
You can get heatstroke if you work or exercise in hot conditions without good air flow and if you don’t drink enough water.
What are the symptoms of heatstroke?
If you have heatstroke, you will usually not be sweating. Your skin may be red, hot and dry.
Heat exhaustion is a milder heat-related illness that can lead to heatstroke if not treated, so it’s important to recognise the symptoms early. If you have heat exhaustion, you will usually be sweating a lot, and have pale, cool, damp skin.
Other symptoms of heat exhaustion include:
If heat exhaustion turns into heatstroke, you may notice these additional symptoms:
- sudden rise in body temperature
- dry, swollen tongue
- intense thirst
- slurred speech
- problems coordinating movements
- aggressive or strange behaviour
- seizures
- confusion and loss of consciousness
Dehydration and heat exhaustion are milder heat-related illnesses. They can lead to heatstroke if they’re not treated.
How can I prevent heatstroke?
- Drink plenty of water, even if you’re not thirsty. Avoid alcohol and hot or sugary drinks.
- Keep cool — try to avoid direct sun and wear lightweight, loose cotton clothing.
- Wear a hat and take water.
What should I do if someone has heat stroke?
Heatstroke is a medical emergency. If someone has heatstroke, call triple zero (000) and ask for an ambulance.
While you are waiting for the ambulance, try to cool them down in any way you can.
- Give them sips of cool fluid if they are conscious.
- Lay them in a cool shady place.
- Remove excess clothing.
- Sponge or spray them with cool water or cover them with wet towels or clothing and fan their damp skin.
- Put them in cool water or a cool shower.
- Place cold packs on their cheeks, palms and soles.
- If they are unconscious, place them on their side with their mouth down and their chin up. You may need to do CPR.
- Do not give aspirin, ibuprofen or paracetamol to someone with heatstroke.
For more information please visit healthdirect.gov.au
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